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Common Benign Lumps What are some common types of benign breast lumps? Noncancer (benign) breast lumps can have many causes. Two of the most common causes of benign single breast lumps are cysts and fibroadenomas. Several other conditions can also appear as lumps. These are fat

Work and Pregnancy Congratulations on your pregnancy! If you work, you might be wondering if you can continue working throughout your pregnancy. Many women do so without any problems. Pregnancy causes many changes in your body. Your ability to keep working depends on your overall

Tests to Diagnose a Stroke How is a stroke diagnosed? Your doctor will ask you about your health history. They will give you a physical exam. You may also have these tests to diagnose a stroke. Imaging tests of the brain CT scan. This test uses X-rays and a computer to make

The Child's Immune System What is the immune system? The immune system protects your child's body from outside invaders. This includes germs, such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi, and toxins (chemicals made by microbes). The immune system is made up of different organs, cells

Anatomy and Function of the Heart Valves What are heart valves? The heart has four chambers: two upper chambers (atria) and two lower chambers (ventricles). Blood passes through a valve before leaving each chamber of the heart. The valves prevent the backward flow of blood

Reducing Your Health Risks with Vaccines Vaccines are one of the best ways to reduce your risk of certain major illnesses called infectious diseases. Avoiding certain infectious diseases or their complications will help to keep you healthier so you can continue be active in life

Refractive Errors in Children What is normal vision? To understand how certain problems can affect your child's vision, it’s important to know how normal vision happens. For children with normal vision, the following things occur in this order: Light enters the eye through the

Fire Safety and Burns Overview A burn injury usually results from an energy transfer from a heat source to the body. There are many types of burns, including: Thermal burns. These burns are caused by heat sources that raise the temperature of the skin and tissues and cause tissue

Nutrition to Reduce Cancer Risk Research shows that a healthy diet may help lower your risk of getting certain cancers. In this sheet you can learn more about nutrition and its role in preventing cancer. You may need a different diet if you have cancer or are getting cancer

Birth Injuries What is a birth injury? Sometimes during the birth process, the baby may suffer a physical injury that impairs function or structure of their body. This is sometimes called birth trauma or birth injury. It can happen during labor, delivery, or after delivery. Birth