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Acne What is acne? Acne is a disorder of the hair follicles and oil glands (sebaceous glands). The oil glands secrete oils (sebum) to keep the skin moist. When the glands get clogged, it can lead to pimples and cysts. Acne is very common. People of all races and ages have acne

Breast Cancer: Diagnosis How is breast cancer diagnosed? If your health care provider thinks you might have breast cancer, you will need certain exams and tests to make sure. Diagnosing breast cancer starts with your provider asking you questions. They will ask about your health

Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy What is neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy? Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a type of brain damage. It’s caused by a lack of oxygen to the brain before or shortly after birth. It affects the central nervous system. Babies

Growth Hormone Deficiency in Children What is growth hormone deficiency in children? Growth hormone (GH) deficiency is when the pituitary gland doesn't make enough growth hormone. GH is needed to stimulate growth of bone and other tissues. This condition can occur at any age. It

Common Variable Immunodeficiency in Children What is common variable immunodeficiency in children? Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is an immunodeficiency problem that causes a child to have a low level of antibodies and a decreased responsiveness to some vaccines. This

MRSA Infection in Children What is MRSA in children? Staphylococcus aureus (staph) is a type of bacteria. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a staph infection that has become resistant to many antibiotics commonly used to treat staph infections. MRSA is usually

Ureterocele and Ureteral Duplication in Children What is a ureterocele and ureteral duplication in children? A ureterocele is a problem with a ureter. The ureter is a tube that connects the kidney to the bladder. There is 1 ureter for each kidney. The ureters send urine from the

Legg-Calvé-Perthes Disease in Children What is Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease in children? Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease (or Perthes disease) is a rare hip condition that affects children. Over a number of years, the ball-shaped top of a child’s thighbone (femoral head) breaks down and

Common Benign Lumps What are some common types of benign breast lumps? Noncancer (benign) breast lumps can have many causes. Two of the most common causes of benign single breast lumps are cysts and fibroadenomas. Several other conditions can also appear as lumps. These are fat

Testicular Torsion in Children What is testicular torsion in children? Testicular torsion is a painful twisting of the testicles and spermatic cord. The spermatic cord is a set of nerves, ducts, and blood vessels that leads from the groin to the testicles. Torsion can happen to 1