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Juvenile Ankylosing Spondylitis (JAS) in Children What is juvenile ankylosing spondylitis in children? Juvenile ankylosing spondylitis is a type of arthritis. It affects the spine and the places where the muscles, tendons, and ligaments attach to the bone. Ankylosing means stiff

Acute Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) in Children What is acute spinal cord injury (SCI) in children? The spinal cord is a bundle of nerves that carries messages between the brain and the rest of the body. It sends instructions from the brain to the body and carries sensory information

Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return (TAPVR) What is total anomalous pulmonary venous return (TAPVR)? Total anomalous pulmonary venous return (TAPVR) is a congenital heart defect. This means that your child is born with it. It happens as the baby’s heart develops during the

Adenovirus Infection in Children What is an adenovirus infection in children? Adenoviruses are a group of viruses that cause a variety of infections, such as: Respiratory illness, such as a cold Infection of the eye (conjunctivitis, also called pink eye) Croup Bronchiolitis

Breast Cancer: Surgery Surgery is a common treatment for breast cancer. It’s done to remove as much of the cancer as possible. You have many surgical choices. The type of surgery you need depends on: The size of the breast lump or tumor and where it is in your breast. The type of

Occupational Lung Diseases What are work-related lung diseases? Work-related lung diseases are lung problems that are caused by certain work environments. They are caused by breathing materials into the lungs. These lung diseases may have lasting effects, even after the exposure

When to Get an Eye Exam What's an eye exam? During an eye exam, an eye healthcare provider looks at your health history and gives you a series of eye tests. The tests are done to check the health of your eyes. They check for problems that can develop over time, such as glaucoma

Biliary Atresia in Children What is biliary atresia in children? Biliary atresia is a rare liver disease that occurs in newborn babies. It's often found shortly after birth. The disorder affects tubes in the liver called bile ducts. If not treated with surgery, it can be fatal

Topic Index - Pregnancy and Childbirth Pregnancy & Childbirth Home Planning a Pregnancy Signs of Pregnancy / The Pregnancy Test Calculating a Due Date Prenatal Medical Care Pregnancy Pregnancy Overview Anatomy: Fetus in Utero The First Trimester (0 - 12 Weeks) The Second

Prematurity What is prematurity? A baby born before 37 weeks of pregnancy is considered premature or born too early. Other terms used for prematurity are preterm and the nicknames "preemie" or "premie". About 1 in every 10 infants are born prematurely. Twins and other multiples