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Omphalocele What is an omphalocele? An omphalocele is a birth defect. It happens when your baby is forming during pregnancy. In this condition, some of your baby's abdominal organs poke out (protrude) from the belly through the belly button (umbilicus). A clear (translucent)

Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) What is fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD)? A baby born to a person who drinks alcohol during pregnancy can have many problems. This is called fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD). FASD includes: Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS). This is

Diabetic Kidney Disease (Diabetic Nephropathy) What is diabetic kidney disease? Diabetic kidney disease is kidney disease that is due to diabetes. It is also called diabetic nephropathy. Nephropathy means your kidneys aren't working normally. Type 1 and type 2 diabetes are the

Sunburn What is sunburn? Sunburn is a red, painful skin reaction that happens after too much exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light. UV light is a type of radiation in sunlight. The symptoms of a sunburn most often appear a few hours after sun exposure. They are often worst at 6 to

Urethral Stricture Disease What is urethral stricture disease? Gendered terms are used here to talk about anatomy and health risk. Please use this information in a way that works best for you and your provider as you talk about your care. The urethra is the tube that carries

Hemorrhoids and Varicose Veins in Pregnancy What are hemorrhoids and varicose veins? Hemorrhoids and varicose veins might seem to be two different, unrelated problems, but they're actually quite similar. And many women, especially those in the third trimester of pregnancy, have

Warts in Children What are skin warts in children? Warts on the skin are small, noncancerous skin growths. They are caused by a virus. Warts can spread to other parts of the body and to other people. What causes skin warts in a child? Warts are caused by a type of human

Whooping Cough (Pertussis) in Adults What is whooping cough (pertussis)? Whooping cough (pertussis) is a very contagious respiratory illness. It mainly affects babies and young children, but adults can also get it. Whooping cough caused thousands of deaths in the 1930s and 1940s

Diphtheria What is diphtheria? Diphtheria is an illness caused by bacteria. There are two types: Respiratory diphtheria. This type affects the throat, nose, and tonsils. Skin (cutaneous) diphtheria. This type affects the skin. It was a common childhood disease in the past. A

Polio (Poliomyelitis) What is polio? Poliomyelitis is commonly called polio. It's an infectious disease. It is caused by 1 of 3 types of poliovirus. Polio is easily spread from person to person. The poliovirus is a virus that can cause paralysis. But most people who are infected