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Smoking and Pregnancy The risks involved with smoking during pregnancy Fewer women are smoking during their pregnancy now than in the past. But many women still smoke. Even if a pregnant woman doesn't smoke, she may be exposed to secondhand smoke at home, at work, or in social

Hypothyroidism and Pregnancy Facts about hypothyroidism and pregnancy Hypothyroidism is a condition that is caused by an underactive thyroid gland. It may happen during pregnancy. Many symptoms of the condition are similar to pregnancy symptoms. For example, they can both cause

Anatomy: Fetus in Utero Amniotic sac. A thin-walled sac that surrounds the fetus during pregnancy. The sac is filled with liquid made by the fetus (amniotic fluid) and the membrane that covers the fetal side of the placenta (amnion). This protects the fetus from injury. It also

Infertility Risk Factors for Women and Men Many things can affect fertility for men and women. Some factors can affect how easily a woman ovulates, gets pregnant, or gives birth to a baby. Men have risk factors, too. Many things can affect the health of their sperm. Gender words

Overview of Neck Masses in Children What are neck masses? Neck lumps (masses) are common problems in babies and children. Some neck masses are present at birth (congenital). They result from abnormal formation that occurs in the early stages of an unborn baby's development. Many

Diagnosis of Cystic Fibrosis How is cystic fibrosis diagnosed? Newborns are screened for cystic fibrosis (CF) as part of each state's newborn screening program. If the results are positive, it does not mean your baby has cystic fibrosis. More tests are done as described below. In

Overuse Injuries An increasing number of boys and girls are playing recreational and organized sports. As a result, there is a rise in the number of overuse injuries seen among children and teens. Most sports and overuse injuries are due to injuries that affect the bone, muscles

Understanding Risks of Medicines in Pregnancy When you are pregnant, always check with your healthcare provider or midwife before taking any prescription or over-the-counter medicines. This includes herbs and dietary supplements. All medicines affect the baby. How they affect the

Tests to Diagnose a Stroke How is a stroke diagnosed? Your healthcare provider will ask you about your health history. They will give you a physical exam. You may also have these tests to diagnose a stroke. Imaging tests of the brain CT scan. This test uses X-rays and a computer

The Menstrual Cycle: An Overview What is ovulation? When a young woman reaches puberty, she starts to ovulate. This is when a mature egg or ovum is released from one of the ovaries. The ovaries are the two female reproductive organs found in the pelvis. If the egg is fertilized