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Diphtheria What is diphtheria? Diphtheria is an illness caused by bacteria. There are two types: Respiratory diphtheria. This type affects the throat, nose, and tonsils. Skin (cutaneous) diphtheria. This type affects the skin. It was a common childhood disease in the past. A

IgA Vasculitis in Children What is IgA vasculitis in children? IgA vasculitis is also called Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP). It's not contagious It involves swelling (inflammation) of small blood vessels. The swollen blood vessels leak into the skin, joints, intestines, and

Dyskeratosis Congenita in Children What is dyskeratosis congenita in children? Dyskeratosis congenita is a congenital disease. This means it's present at birth. It's a very rare condition. It affects the skin and nails. In its most severe form, it causes bone marrow failure. When

Clubfoot in Children What is clubfoot in children? Clubfoot is a deformity of the foot. It’s when one or both feet are turned inward. The condition affects the bones, muscles, tendons, and blood vessels. Clubfoot is present at birth. It tends to affect more boys than girls. What

Constipation in Children What is constipation in children? Constipation is when a child has very hard stools and has fewer bowel movements than normal. It is a very common gastrointestinal (GI) problem. Signs that a child has constipation include: Having fewer bowel movements

About Cancer Clinical Trials What are cancer clinical trials? Cancer clinical trials are research studies with people. They may be done by government agencies, educational organizations, private not-for-profit groups, or commercial businesses. Trials are used to check how safe

Common Variable Immunodeficiency in Children What is common variable immunodeficiency in children? Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is an immunodeficiency problem that causes a child to have a low level of antibodies and a decreased responsiveness to some vaccines. This

Apnea of Prematurity What is apnea of prematurity? Apnea is a term that means breathing has stopped for more than 20 seconds. It can happen in full-term babies, but it's more common in premature babies. The more premature the baby, the greater the chances that apnea will occur

Contact Dermatitis What is contact dermatitis? Contact dermatitis is a reaction that happens after your skin comes in direct contact with certain substances. The substances may be: Irritants. These cause direct skin irritation and inflammation. They are the most common cause of

Infectious Mononucleosis What is infectious mononucleosis (mono)? Infectious mononucleosis is a type of infection. It causes swollen lymph glands, fever, sore throat, and often extreme fatigue. It’s often spread through contact with infected saliva from the mouth. Symptoms can