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Juvenile Dermatomyositis What is juvenile dermatomyositis? Juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) is a rare autoimmune disease that causes inflammation of the blood vessels, muscles, and skin. It's different from other muscle diseases because it also causes skin problems. Symptoms often

Transposition of the Great Arteries (TGA) in Children What is transposition of the great arteries in children? Transposition of the great arteries (TGA) is a type of heart defect that your baby is born with (congenital). In this condition, the two arteries that carry blood out of

Anomalous Coronary Artery (ACA) in Children What is an ACA in a child? An anomalous coronary artery (ACA) is a heart defect. This is something your baby is born with (congenital). In ACA, the blood vessels that supply blood to your child's heart muscle aren't normal. In some

Alagille Syndrome What is Alagille syndrome? Alagille syndrome is an inherited condition in which bile builds up in the liver because there are too few bile ducts to drain the bile. This results in liver damage. Your liver makes bile to help remove waste from your body. Bile also

Rumination Syndrome What is rumination syndrome? Rumination syndrome is a rare behavioral problem. It affects children, adolescents and some adults. Rumination syndrome causes an automatic regurgitation of recently eaten food. If your child has this problem, he or she will

Pulmonary Atresia What is pulmonary atresia? Pulmonary atresia (PA) is a heart defect. It happens when the baby's heart doesn’t form as it should in the uterus. This can happen during the first 8 weeks of pregnancy. PA is a problem with the opening of the pulmonary valve. This

Exstrophy of the Bladder and Epispadias in Children What is exstrophy of the bladder and epispadias in children? Gender words are used here to talk about anatomy and health risk. Use this information in a way that works best for you and your doctor as you talk about your child's

Chronic Liver Disease/Cirrhosis What is cirrhosis? Cirrhosis is when scar tissue replaces healthy liver tissue. This stops the liver from working normally. Cirrhosis is a long-term (chronic) liver disease. The damage to your liver builds up over time. The liver is your body's

Germ Cell Tumors (GCTs) in Children What are germ cell tumors in children? A type of cell that forms as a fetus (also called an embryo) develops is called a germ cell. Germ cells are the cells that make the eggs (ova) in females and the sperm in males. Germ cell tumors (GCTs) are

Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD) in Children What is a ventricular septal defect? A ventricular septal defect (VSD) is a congenital heart defect. This means that your baby is born with it. A VSD is a hole in the wall (septum) that separates the two lower chambers of the heart