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Birthmarks What are birthmarks? Birthmarks are areas of discolored or raised skin that are seen at birth or within a few weeks of birth. They may be made of malformed pigment cells or blood vessels. Medical experts don’t know what causes birthmarks. But most of them are not

Domestic Violence What is domestic violence? Domestic violence means cruelty and abuse by family members or intimate partners. It may be from a spouse or ex-spouse. It may be from a boyfriend or girlfriend, or an ex. This kind of abuse can also happen on a date. And it may be

Dental Sealants What are dental sealants? Dental sealants are thin, plastic coatings that bond to the chewing surfaces of the back teeth (molars and premolars). Sealants help prevent tooth decay (cavities). They work very well on the back teeth. These teeth contain more hard-to

When children grow up in safe, stable, and nurturing environments, they thrive. Research shows that without these consistent supports, traumatic experience, adverse experiences and chronic stress—known as adverse childhood experiences (ACEs)—can increase the risk of serious but

Methods of Surgery What are the different methods of surgery? Surgery doesn't always mean large cuts (incisions) and long healing times, as in the past. Depending on the type of surgery, several methods may be used. People with the same diagnosis won't always be advised to have

Understanding Your Child's Lymphatic System What is the lymphatic system? The lymphatic system is a part of the body’s immune system. It works to fight disease and infection. The lymphatic system goes through many changes during a child's growth. Before birth, a baby is protected

Asthma and Exercise Asthma is a long-term (chronic) condition causing swelling and narrowing of the airways. The muscles around the airways tighten, the lining of the airways swells, and extra mucus is produced. These changes make it harder to breathe. Triggers are things that

Benign Skin Growths in Children What are benign skin growths? Children may have many types of skin growths. The vast majority of growths in children are benign. This means they are not cancer. Growths may be caused by genetics, injuries, sun exposure, or other reasons. What are

Folic Acid for a Healthy Baby What is folic acid? Folic acid, or folate, is a B vitamin. The word folate comes from folium, the Latin word for leaf. Folate is found naturally in food, particularly in dark, green leafy vegetables. Folic acid is the synthetic form supplied in

Tests to Diagnose a Stroke How is a stroke diagnosed? Your doctor will ask you about your health history. They will give you a physical exam. You may also have these tests to diagnose a stroke. Imaging tests of the brain CT scan. This test uses X-rays and a computer to make