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Kawasaki Disease in Children What is Kawasaki disease in children? Kawasaki disease is a rare illness that most commonly affects children ages 0 to 5, but it can sometimes affect children up to the age of 13. It is a type of vasculitis. Vasculitis means inflammation of the blood

Posterior Urethral Valves in Children What are posterior urethral valves in children? Posterior urethral valves are a problem with the urethra in a boy. The urethra is the tube that drains urine from the bladder to the outside of the body. Posterior urethral valves are small

Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) in Children What is a urinary tract infection (UTI) in children? A urinary tract infection is inflammation of part of the system that takes urine out of the body. It’s caused by bacteria. The urinary tract includes the 2 kidneys. They remove liquid

Kyphosis What is kyphosis? A normal spine, when viewed from behind, appears straight. However, a spine affected by kyphosis has a forward curvature of the back bones (vertebrae) in the upper back area, giving an abnormally rounded or humpback appearance. This is sometimes known

Septic Arthritis (Infectious Arthritis) in Children What is septic arthritis in children? Septic arthritis is an infection in the joint fluid (synovial fluid) and joint tissues. It occurs more often in children than in adults. The infection usually reaches the joints through the

Learning Disorders in Children What is a learning disorder in children? A learning disorder is when a child has trouble learning in certain school subjects. Your child may have problems with reading, math, or writing. Skills are below what's expected for the child’s age, grade

Communication Disorders in Children What are communication disorders in children? A child with a communication disorder has trouble communicating with others. They may not understand or make the sounds of speech. The child may also struggle with word choice, word order, or

Aplastic Anemia in Children What is aplastic anemia in children? Aplastic anemia is a serious condition in which the bone marrow doesn’t make enough new blood cells. With fewer blood cells, a child with aplastic anemia has: Less oxygen sent to organs, tissues, and cells from too

Multiple Sclerosis and Pregnancy What is multiple sclerosis? Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disease of the central nervous system, which is made up of the brain and spinal cord. MS is unpredictable. The symptoms of MS can range from mild to disabling, such as losing the

Guillain-Barré Syndrome in Children What is Guillain-Barré syndrome in children? Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is a short-term but often life-threatening disorder that affects the nerves in the body. GBS can cause muscle weakness, pain, and short-term (temporary) paralysis of the