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Tuberculosis (TB) in Children What is tuberculosis in children? Tuberculosis (TB) is an ongoing (chronic) infection caused by bacteria. It usually infects the lungs. But other organs such as the kidneys, spine, or brain may be affected. TB is most often spread through droplets

Communication Disorders in Children What are communication disorders in children? A child with a communication disorder has trouble communicating with others. They may not understand or make the sounds of speech. The child may also struggle with word choice, word order, or

Developmental Disorders Click on the links below to learn more about these topics. Pervasive Developmental Disorders Autistic Disorder Learning Disorders Communication Disorders© 2000-2025 The StayWell Company, LLC. All rights reserved. This information is not intended as a

Lyme Disease in Children What is Lyme disease in children? Lyme disease is an infection caused by bacteria called Borrelia burgdorferi. The bacteria are spread by tick bites. Lyme disease is a year-round problem, but it peaks during the spring and summer months. It can cause

Hydrocele in Children What is a hydrocele in children? A hydrocele is fluid buildup in the thin pouch that holds the testes in the scrotum. Up to 1 in 10 baby boys have a hydrocele at birth. In most cases, it goes away without treatment in the first year. What causes a hydrocele

Megaureter in Children What is megaureter in children? Megaureter is a ureter that is much wider than normal. The ureters are the tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder. A ureter that is wider than 3/8 inch is a megaureter. A megaureter may not drain urine

Overview of Kidney Disorders in Children How do the kidneys work? Your child's body takes nutrients from food and converts them into energy. After your child's body has taken the nutrients it needs, waste products are left behind. They are left in the bowel and in the blood. The

Genetic Disorders Associated with Congenital Heart Disease Click on the links below to learn more about these topics. Down Syndrome Marfan Syndrome 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome© 2000-2025 The StayWell Company, LLC. All rights reserved. This information is not intended as a

Anomalous Coronary Artery in Children What is an ACA in a child? An anomalous coronary artery (ACA) is a heart defect. This is something your baby is born with (congenital). In ACA, the blood vessels that supply blood to your child’s heart muscle aren’t normal. In some cases, the

Maternal and Fetal Testing Overview Most people have healthy pregnancies, and their babies are born without trouble. But people with high-risk pregnancies often need to be closely watched for possible problems. Fortunately, many tests and procedures are available to keep track of