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Fever in a Newborn Baby The system that controls body temperature is not well developed in a newborn baby. Call your baby's healthcare provider right away if your baby is younger than 3 months old and has a rectal or forehead (temporal) temperature of 100.4°F (38°C) or higher

Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension in the Newborn What is persistent pulmonary hypertension (PPHN) in the newborn? Persistent pulmonary hypertension (PPHN) happens in newborn babies. It occurs when a newborn’s circulation continues to flow as it did while in the uterus. When this

Prematurity What is prematurity? A baby born before 37 weeks of pregnancy is considered premature or born too early. Other terms used for prematurity are preterm and the nicknames "preemie" or "premie". About 1 in every 10 infants are born prematurely. Twins and other multiples

Healthy Sleep Habits in Children What is normal sleep? The total amount of sleep your child needs varies depending on their age. Age Recommended hours of sleep per day Newborn to 3 months 14 to 17 hours 4 to 12 months 12 to 16 hours (often sleeps through the night) 1 to 2 years

Retinopathy of Prematurity What is retinopathy of prematurity? Retinopathy of prematurity is an eye problem that can happen to premature babies. The retina lines the back of the eye. It receives light as it comes through the pupil. From there, the optic nerve sends signals to the

Hydrops Fetalis What is hydrops fetalis? Hydrops fetalis is severe swelling (edema) in an unborn baby or a newborn baby. It is a life-threatening problem. There are two types: immune and nonimmune. What causes hydrops fetalis? There are two types of hydrops fetalis. The type that

Meconium Aspiration What is meconium aspiration? Meconium aspiration is when a newborn breathes in a mixture of meconium and amniotic fluid. Amniotic fluid is the liquid that surrounds the baby in the womb. Meconium is the baby's first stool, or poop. It is sticky, thick, and

Legg-Calvé-Perthes Disease in Children What is Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease in children? Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease (or Perthes disease) is a rare hip condition that affects children. Over a number of years, the ball-shaped top of a child’s thighbone (femoral head) breaks down and

Cystic Fibrosis in Children Click on the links below to learn more about this topic. Cystic Fibrosis Overview Genetics of Cystic Fibrosis Cystic Fibrosis and the Respiratory System Cystic Fibrosis and the Digestive System Cystic Fibrosis and the Reproductive System Symptoms of

Lung Transplantation in Children What is a lung transplant? A lung transplant is surgery to remove 1 or both diseased lungs and replace them with healthy lungs from a suitable organ donor. In most cases, lungs that are transplanted come from people who have died and donated their