Cerebral Palsy Clinic

Our physical medicine & rehabilitation (PM&R) doctors, neurologists and other experts direct multispecialty care for cerebral palsy (CP), along with its related conditions and complications.

Types of Cerebral Palsy

Phoenix Children specialists offer diagnosis evaluation and treatment for all forms of cerebral palsy, including potential complications such as spasticity, contractures, movement disorders and seizures/epilepsy.  

The most common forms of cerebral palsy include:

The most common type, usually includes stiff or tight muscles and uncontrollable movements of the face, arms and legs and one or both sides of the body:

  • Spastic diplegia (legs)
  • Spastic quadriplegia (both arms and both legs)
  • Spastic hemiplegia (one arm and one leg on either the right or left side)

Difficulty controlling movement of hands, arms and legs, tight or loose muscle tone, and other effects such as trouble swallowing or talking

Coordination and balance problems, and symptoms such as tremors, poor fine-motor control and difficulty controlling hands and arms when reaching

Two or more types, such as spastic and dyskinetic

Cerebral Palsy Symptoms and Complications

Symptoms of cerebral palsy can be mild or severe depending on the amount of damage and areas of the brain affected. Symptoms and complications may become more evident as a child develops. For example, infants may have gross motor developmental difficulties including trouble sitting, crawling or walking. Abnormal movements often only emerge later. Other associated complications include cognitive/intellectual impairment, speech and language impairment, feeding, vision and hearing difficulties and seizures/epilepsy.

Common symptoms and signs of cerebral palsy include:

  • Balance, coordination, movement and posture problems
  • Difficulty standing and walking 
  • Involuntary shaking, twisting or jerking
  • Muscle weakness or tightness, including stiff legs or clenched fists
  • Poor muscle tone (too tight or too floppy)
  • Abnormal reflexes

Secondary physical complications of CP may include:

  • Contractures (tight, shortened muscles)
  • Crouched gait
  • Curved spine (scoliosis)
  • Differing leg lengths
  • Fatigue from walking or other movement
  • Foot and ankle deformities
  • Hip dislocation  
  • Pain

Secondary neurological effects can cause problems such as:

  • Attention difficulties
  • Bladder problems
  • Breathing issues
  • Constipation 
  • Drooling
  • Learning disabilities
  • Problems with swallowing or sucking
  • Problems with hearing, vision or speech
  • Seizures or epilepsy

Cerebral Palsy Associated Conditions

Most children with CP have one or more health issues referred to as cerebral palsy associated conditions. Specialists at Phoenix Children’s treat these and other CP-related conditions:

CP Diagnosis, Treatment and Care

The PM&R doctors at Phoenix Children’s serve as your medical home or “home base” for coordinating comprehensive cerebral palsy, care, education and support. Services through our comprehensive cerebral palsy team and associated specialists include:

Learn more about cerebral palsy treatments, programs and services.